Diabetes

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	9
Number of observations	768
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	54.1 KiB
Average record size in memory	72.2 B

Variable types

Numeric	8
Categorical	1

Warnings

Pregnancies has 111 (14.5%) zeros Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-03-06 19:06:28.181962
Analysis finished	2021-03-06 19:06:55.273559
Duration	27.09 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.11.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

Pregnancies
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	17
Distinct (%)	2.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.845052083
Minimum	0
Maximum	17
Zeros	111
Zeros (%)	14.5%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	3
Q3	6
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	17
Range	17
Interquartile range (IQR)	5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.369578063
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8763413316
Kurtosis	0.1592197775
Mean	3.845052083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.9016739792
Sum	2953
Variance	11.35405632
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=17)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	135	17.6%
0	111	14.5%
2	103	13.4%
3	75	9.8%
4	68	8.9%
5	57	7.4%
6	50	6.5%
7	45	5.9%
8	38	4.9%
9	28	3.6%
Other values (7)	58	7.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	111	14.5%
1	135	17.6%
2	103	13.4%
3	75	9.8%
4	68	8.9%
5	57	7.4%
6	50	6.5%
7	45	5.9%
8	38	4.9%
9	28	3.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17	1	0.1%
15	1	0.1%
14	2	0.3%
13	10	1.3%
12	9	1.2%
11	11	1.4%
10	24	3.1%
9	28	3.6%
8	38	4.9%
7	45	5.9%

Glucose
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	137
Distinct (%)	17.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	121.6973577
Minimum	44
Maximum	199
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	44
5-th percentile	80
Q1	99.75
median	117
Q3	141
95-th percentile	181
Maximum	199
Range	155
Interquartile range (IQR)	41.25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	30.46200769
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2503095241
Kurtosis	-0.2686874714
Mean	121.6973577
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	20
Skewness	0.5309321048
Sum	93463.57069
Variance	927.9339123
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
99	17	2.2%
100	17	2.2%
129	14	1.8%
125	14	1.8%
111	14	1.8%
106	14	1.8%
112	13	1.7%
105	13	1.7%
108	13	1.7%
102	13	1.7%
Other values (127)	626	81.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
44	1	0.1%
56	1	0.1%
57	2	0.3%
61	1	0.1%
62	1	0.1%
65	1	0.1%
67	1	0.1%
68	3	0.4%
71	4	0.5%
72	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
199	1	0.1%
198	1	0.1%
197	4	0.5%
196	3	0.4%
195	2	0.3%
194	3	0.4%
193	2	0.3%
191	1	0.1%
190	1	0.1%
189	4	0.5%

BloodPressure
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	48
Distinct (%)	6.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	72.42814101
Minimum	24
Maximum	122
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	24
5-th percentile	52
Q1	64
median	72
Q3	80
95-th percentile	90
Maximum	122
Range	98
Interquartile range (IQR)	16

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	12.10604379
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1671455821
Kurtosis	1.083684227
Mean	72.42814101
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	8
Skewness	0.1315143054
Sum	55624.8123
Variance	146.5562962
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=48)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
70	57	7.4%
74	52	6.8%
78	45	5.9%
68	45	5.9%
72	44	5.7%
64	43	5.6%
80	40	5.2%
76	39	5.1%
60	37	4.8%
62	34	4.4%
Other values (38)	332	43.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
24	1	0.1%
30	2	0.3%
38	1	0.1%
40	1	0.1%
44	4	0.5%
46	2	0.3%
48	5	0.7%
50	13	1.7%
52	11	1.4%
54	11	1.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
122	1	0.1%
114	1	0.1%
110	3	0.4%
108	2	0.3%
106	3	0.4%
104	2	0.3%
102	1	0.1%
100	3	0.4%
98	3	0.4%
96	4	0.5%

SkinThickness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	51
Distinct (%)	6.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	29.24704236
Minimum	7
Maximum	99
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	7
5-th percentile	14.35
Q1	25
median	28
Q3	33
95-th percentile	44
Maximum	99
Range	92
Interquartile range (IQR)	8

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	8.923908459
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3051217401
Kurtosis	4.895310917
Mean	29.24704236
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	5
Skewness	0.7618184215
Sum	22461.72853
Variance	79.63614218
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
27.23545706	139	18.1%
33	108	14.1%
32	31	4.0%
30	27	3.5%
27	23	3.0%
23	22	2.9%
28	20	2.6%
18	20	2.6%
31	19	2.5%
39	18	2.3%
Other values (41)	341	44.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7	2	0.3%
8	2	0.3%
10	5	0.7%
11	6	0.8%
12	7	0.9%
13	11	1.4%
14	6	0.8%
15	14	1.8%
16	6	0.8%
17	14	1.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
99	1	0.1%
63	1	0.1%
60	1	0.1%
56	1	0.1%
54	2	0.3%
52	2	0.3%
51	1	0.1%
50	3	0.4%
49	3	0.4%
48	4	0.5%

Insulin
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	187
Distinct (%)	24.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	157.0035269
Minimum	14
Maximum	846
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	14
5-th percentile	50
Q1	121.5
median	130.2878788
Q3	206.8461538
95-th percentile	293
Maximum	846
Range	832
Interquartile range (IQR)	85.34615385

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	88.86091421
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5659803699
Kurtosis	12.08584802
Mean	157.0035269
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	41
Skewness	2.62272843
Sum	120578.7086
Variance	7896.262074
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
130.2878788	236	30.7%
206.8461538	138	18.0%
105	11	1.4%
130	9	1.2%
140	9	1.2%
120	8	1.0%
180	7	0.9%
94	7	0.9%
100	7	0.9%
135	6	0.8%
Other values (177)	330	43.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14	1	0.1%
15	1	0.1%
16	1	0.1%
18	2	0.3%
22	1	0.1%
23	2	0.3%
25	1	0.1%
29	1	0.1%
32	1	0.1%
36	3	0.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
846	1	0.1%
744	1	0.1%
680	1	0.1%
600	1	0.1%
579	1	0.1%
545	1	0.1%
543	1	0.1%
540	1	0.1%
510	1	0.1%
495	2	0.3%

BMI
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	249
Distinct (%)	32.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	32.44642005
Minimum	18.2
Maximum	67.1
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	18.2
5-th percentile	22.235
Q1	27.5
median	32.05
Q3	36.6
95-th percentile	44.395
Maximum	67.1
Range	48.9
Interquartile range (IQR)	9.1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.878969502
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2120101229
Kurtosis	0.9147639622
Mean	32.44642005
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4.55
Skewness	0.6021444767
Sum	24918.8506
Variance	47.32022142
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
32	13	1.7%
31.2	12	1.6%
31.6	12	1.6%
33.3	10	1.3%
32.4	10	1.3%
30.1	9	1.2%
30.8	9	1.2%
32.8	9	1.2%
32.9	9	1.2%
30.85967413	9	1.2%
Other values (239)	666	86.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
18.2	3	0.4%
18.4	1	0.1%
19.1	1	0.1%
19.3	1	0.1%
19.4	1	0.1%
19.5	2	0.3%
19.6	3	0.4%
19.9	1	0.1%
20	1	0.1%
20.1	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
67.1	1	0.1%
59.4	1	0.1%
57.3	1	0.1%
55	1	0.1%
53.2	1	0.1%
52.9	1	0.1%
52.3	2	0.3%
50	1	0.1%
49.7	1	0.1%
49.6	1	0.1%

DiabetesPedigreeFunction
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	517
Distinct (%)	67.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.4718763021
Minimum	0.078
Maximum	2.42
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.078
5-th percentile	0.14035
Q1	0.24375
median	0.3725
Q3	0.62625
95-th percentile	1.13285
Maximum	2.42
Range	2.342
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3825

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.331328595
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7021513764
Kurtosis	5.594953528
Mean	0.4718763021
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1675
Skewness	1.919911066
Sum	362.401
Variance	0.1097786379
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.258	6	0.8%
0.254	6	0.8%
0.238	5	0.7%
0.259	5	0.7%
0.268	5	0.7%
0.261	5	0.7%
0.207	5	0.7%
0.245	4	0.5%
0.167	4	0.5%
0.299	4	0.5%
Other values (507)	719	93.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.078	1	0.1%
0.084	1	0.1%
0.085	2	0.3%
0.088	2	0.3%
0.089	1	0.1%
0.092	1	0.1%
0.096	1	0.1%
0.1	1	0.1%
0.101	1	0.1%
0.102	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.42	1	0.1%
2.329	1	0.1%
2.288	1	0.1%
2.137	1	0.1%
1.893	1	0.1%
1.781	1	0.1%
1.731	1	0.1%
1.699	1	0.1%
1.698	1	0.1%
1.6	1	0.1%

Age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	52
Distinct (%)	6.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	33.24088542
Minimum	21
Maximum	81
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	21
5-th percentile	21
Q1	24
median	29
Q3	41
95-th percentile	58
Maximum	81
Range	60
Interquartile range (IQR)	17

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	11.76023154
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3537881556
Kurtosis	0.6431588885
Mean	33.24088542
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	7
Skewness	1.129596701
Sum	25529
Variance	138.3030459
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
22	72	9.4%
21	63	8.2%
25	48	6.2%
24	46	6.0%
23	38	4.9%
28	35	4.6%
26	33	4.3%
27	32	4.2%
29	29	3.8%
31	24	3.1%
Other values (42)	348	45.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
21	63	8.2%
22	72	9.4%
23	38	4.9%
24	46	6.0%
25	48	6.2%
26	33	4.3%
27	32	4.2%
28	35	4.6%
29	29	3.8%
30	21	2.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
81	1	0.1%
72	1	0.1%
70	1	0.1%
69	2	0.3%
68	1	0.1%
67	3	0.4%
66	4	0.5%
65	3	0.4%
64	1	0.1%
63	4	0.5%

Outcome
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.1 KiB

0	500
1	268

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	768
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	1
2nd row	1
3rd row	1
4th row	1
5th row	1

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	768	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	768	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	768	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	Pregnancies	Glucose	BloodPressure	SkinThickness	Insulin	BMI	DiabetesPedigreeFunction	Age	Outcome
0	6	148.0	72.000000	35.0	206.846154	33.600000	0.627	50	1
1	8	183.0	64.000000	33.0	206.846154	23.300000	0.672	32	1
2	0	137.0	40.000000	35.0	168.000000	43.100000	2.288	33	1
3	3	78.0	50.000000	32.0	88.000000	31.000000	0.248	26	1
4	2	197.0	70.000000	45.0	543.000000	30.500000	0.158	53	1
5	8	125.0	96.000000	33.0	206.846154	35.406767	0.232	54	1
6	10	168.0	74.000000	33.0	206.846154	38.000000	0.537	34	1
7	1	189.0	60.000000	23.0	846.000000	30.100000	0.398	59	1
8	5	166.0	72.000000	19.0	175.000000	25.800000	0.587	51	1
9	7	100.0	75.321429	33.0	206.846154	30.000000	0.484	32	1

Last rows

	Pregnancies	Glucose	BloodPressure	SkinThickness	Insulin	BMI	DiabetesPedigreeFunction	Age
758	1	121.0	78.0	39.000000	74.000000	39.0	0.261	28
759	3	108.0	62.0	24.000000	130.287879	26.0	0.223	25
760	7	137.0	90.0	41.000000	130.287879	32.0	0.391	39
761	1	106.0	76.0	27.235457	130.287879	37.5	0.197	26
762	2	88.0	58.0	26.000000	16.000000	28.4	0.766	22
763	9	89.0	62.0	27.235457	130.287879	22.5	0.142	33
764	10	101.0	76.0	48.000000	180.000000	32.9	0.171	63
765	2	122.0	70.0	27.000000	130.287879	36.8	0.340	27
766	5	121.0	72.0	23.000000	112.000000	26.2	0.245	30
767	1	93.0	70.0	31.000000	130.287879	30.4	0.315	23

Overview

Variables

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows